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Academic Words - List 10
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Academic Word List — Sublist 10
High-value academic words from frequency band 10 — the final sublist of the standard Academic Word List. These appear less frequently but carry strong academic register.
| Word | POS | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| adjacent | adjective | Next to; sharing a boundary. |
| aggregate | verb / noun | To gather into a whole; a total. |
| arbitrary | adjective | Based on random choice or personal whim. |
| bulk | noun | The greater part of something. |
| collapse | verb / noun | To fall down suddenly; a sudden failure. |
| colleague | noun | A person someone works with. |
| compile | verb | To produce something by gathering information. |
| conceive | verb | To form an idea or plan in the mind. |
| convince | verb | To persuade someone of something. |
| depress | verb | To make someone sad; to reduce in level. |
| encounter | verb / noun | To meet unexpectedly; an unexpected meeting. |
| enormous | adjective | Very large in size, degree, or number. |
| forthcoming | adjective | Willing to give information; soon to appear. |
| incline | verb / noun | To lean or slope; or, a slope. |
| induce | verb | To persuade; to produce an effect. |
| inevitable | adjective | Certain to happen; unavoidable. |
| integrate | verb | To combine to form a whole. |
| launch | verb | To start something new. |
| license | noun / verb | Official permission; to grant it. |
| minimise | verb | To reduce to the smallest possible amount. |
| modify | verb | To make small changes. |
| notwithstanding | preposition | In spite of. |
| nuclear | adjective | Relating to the nucleus of an atom. |
| offset | verb / noun | To counterbalance; a counterbalance. |
| paradigm | noun | A typical example or pattern. |
| precede | verb | To come before in time or order. |
| presume | verb | To suppose that something is the case. |
| rational | adjective | Based on reason. |
| recover | verb | To return to a normal state; to get back. |
| revenue | noun | Income, especially of a business or government. |
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Section
Quick Tips
- "Notwithstanding" often starts a sentence to signal a concession: Notwithstanding these concerns, ...
- "Paradigm" is academic shorthand — use it for frameworks of thinking, not small examples.
- "Offset" is a band-7+ word for Writing Task 1 (describing trends): The increase in X was offset by a decrease in Y.
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Section
You Have Completed the AWL
You have now reviewed all 10 sublists of the Academic Word List — approximately 570 words that appear most often in academic English. For best retention, revisit one sublist per day and test yourself actively rather than rereading.